Benelux is the cooperation between Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

The original Benelux Treaty of 1958 held good for 50 years and was a model of European cooperation. When this increasingly came to assume economic integration the original Benelux economic union was in practice extended to new policy areas such as safety, traffic, town and country planning and the environment.

The new Benelux Treaty (only available in Dutch and French) of 17 June 2008 confirms this practice and in fact extends cross-frontier cooperation to the internal market, the economic union, sustainability, justice and home affairs. The treaty also expressly states that Benelux may work with other European member states or regional associations. It thereby continues the Benelux cooperation a the experimental garden for European integration.